grammar in use basic unit35 There is / There are

 

1️⃣ There is / There are 기본 개념

There is / There are 는
👉 “~이 있다 / ~들이 있다” 처럼
어떤 것이 존재함을 처음 말할 때 사용하는 표현이다.

• There is + 단수 / 셀 수 없는 명사
• There are + 복수 명사

예문

• There is a book on the desk.
  (책 한 권이 책상 위에 있다)
• There are two chairs in the room.
  (방에 의자가 두 개 있다)
• There is some water in the bottle.
  (병에 물이 있다)

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2️⃣ There is vs There are 구분법

명사 형태사용

단수 명사	There is
복수 명사	There are
셀 수 없는 명사	There is

예문

• There is a problem.
• There are many people here.
• There is a lot of noise outside.

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3️⃣ 의문문: Is there / Are there

문장을 의문문으로 만들 때는
👉 is / are 를 there 앞으로 옮긴다.

구조

• Is there + 단수 / 셀 수 없는 명사?
• Are there + 복수 명사?

예문

• Is there a bank near here?
• Are there any questions?
• Is there any milk left?

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4️⃣ 부정문: There isn’t / There aren’t

👉 존재하지 않음을 말할 때

구조

• There isn’t + 단수 / 셀 수 없는 명사
• There aren’t + 복수 명사

예문

• There isn’t a bus stop here.
• There aren’t any empty seats.
• There isn’t much time.

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5️⃣ There is / There are + any / some

• 의문문·부정문 → any
• 긍정문 → some

예문

• There are some apples in the fridge.
• Are there any restaurants nearby?
• There isn’t any coffee left.

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6️⃣ There is / There are vs It is 차이점 ⭐ (중요)

이 부분은 아주 자주 헷갈리는 포인트야.

🔹 There is / There are

👉 “무언가가 존재한다” 를 처음 말할 때

• There is a cat on the roof.
  (지붕 위에 고양이가 있다)

🔹 It is

👉 이미 말한 대상에 대해 설명할 때

• It is very cute.
  (그 고양이는 아주 귀엽다)

함께 쓰는 예

• There is a park near my house.
  It is very big and quiet.

❌ 잘못된 예

• It is a park near my house. (X)
  → 처음 언급할 때는 There is 사용해야 함

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7️⃣ 자주 쓰이는 패턴 정리

장소 표현

• There is a hospital near here.
• There are many cafés around the station.

시간·상황

• There is no hurry.
• There are a lot of things to do.

안내문 / 공지

• There is a meeting at 3 p.m.
• There are no classes today.

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8️⃣ 한 줄 요약 ✅

• There is / There are → “~이 있다 (존재)”
• is/are + there → 의문문
• there isn’t / there aren’t → 부정문
• 처음 말할 때는 There is,
  이미 나온 대상은 It is